The Medicare Basics

One of two parts of Original Medicare and often called hospital coverage, it covers inpatient benefits, including hospital stays, skilled nursing facilities, hospice care, home health, and nursing home.

The other of the two parts of Original Medicare and often called doctor coverage, it covers preventive services, medically necessary outpatient services, such as doctor visits and supplies.

Also called Medicare Advantage (MA), these plans are offered by Medicare-approved private companies that must follow rules set by Medicare. Often called all-in-one plans, MA plans give you hospital insurance, doctor insurance, often include drug coverage, and some benefits Original Medicare does not provide, including vision, dental, and hearing. Some even cover wellness programs and fitness memberships, transportation, and stipends for over-
the-counter necessities.

Provides prescription drug coverage. Private health insurance companies administer these plans.

The 7-month period when you can sign up for Medicare. IEP begins 3 months before you turn 65, includes the month of your birthday, and ends 3 months later.

This enrollment period is available to you if you missed your Initial Enrollment Period and don’t qualify for a Special Enrollment Period. You can sign up between January 1-March 31 each year; however, you may have to pay a monthly late fee. Your coverage starts July 1.

Also called the Annual Enrollment Period (AEP) by insurers, this runs
from October 15 – December 7 each year, and this is when you can join, switch, or drop a plan.
Your coverage will begin on January 1 (as long as the plan gets your request by December 7).
During OEP you can:

• Change from Original Medicare to a Medicare Advantage Plan
• Change from a Medicare Advantage Plan back to Original Medicare
• Switch from one Medicare Advantage Plan to another Medicare Advantage Plan
• Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage
• Switch from a Medicare Advantage Plan that offers drug coverage to a Medicare Advantage Plan that doesn't offer drug coverage
• Join a Medicare drug plan
• Switch from one Medicare drug plan to another Medicare drug plan
• Drop your Medicare drug coverage completely

If you’re in a Medicare Advantage Plan (with or without drug coverage), from January 1–March 31 every year you can switch to another Medicare
Advantage Plan (with or without drug coverage). You can drop your Medicare Advantage Plan and return to Original Medicare. You'll also be able to join a separate Medicare drug plan.

A lifelong higher premium Medicare may charge you if you don’t
enroll when you first become eligible. There are specific late enrollment penalties for Part A,
Part B, and Part D. Medicare may make exceptions if you are insured under another plan.

Also known as Medicare Supplement Insurance. Private health insurance companies
administer these plans, and they can help pay out-of-pocket costs not covered by Parts A and B,
like copayments, coinsurance, and deductibles. Your 6-month Medigap Open Enrollment Period
automatically starts the first month you’re 65 or older and have Medicare Part B.

A yearly limit on out-of-pocket expenses. Generally, you pay a monthly premium for Medicare coverage and part of the costs each time you get a covered service. There’s no
yearly limit on what you pay out-of-pocket, unless you have supplemental coverage, like a Medigap policy or you join a Medicare Advantage Plan. The amount varies from plan to plan,
and after your spending meets your plan’s limit, you pay no more for the rest of the calendar year.

Includes deductibles and copays but excludes premiums.

Any healthcare provider Medicare has not specified as preferable to a particular plan. In some plans, using an out-of-network provider may not be an option, or it may cost you more.

The share of the medical costs that you pay after you’ve reached your
deductibles.

The amount of money that you have to pay out-of-pocket before Medicare begins paying for your health costs.